Balantidiasis
Balantidiasis is caused by a large ciliated protozoan parasite, Balantidium coli. The patient most often acquires the cyst through ingestion of contaminated food or water. Following ingestion, excystation occurs in the small intestine, and the trophozoites colonise the large intestine and grow there.
Occurrence: Worldwide. Because pigs are in fact an animal reservoir for the disease, human infections occur more frequently in areas where pigs are raised. Other potential animal reservoirs include rodents and non human primates.
Manifestations: Most cases are asymptomatic. Clinical manifestations, when present, include:
- persistent diarrhoea
- occasional dysentery
- abdominal pain & weight loss
Diagnosis and treatment: Diagnosis is based on detection of trophozoites in stool specimens or in tissue collected during endoscopy. Treatment is effective with antibiotics.
Vaccine: Not available.
Prevent infection with ascarids by:
- Avoid contacting soil that may be contaminated with human faeces.
- Do not defecate outdoors.
- Dispose of diapers properly.
- Wash hands with soap and water before handling food.
- When travelling to countries where sanitation and hygiene are poor, avoid water or food that may be contaminated.
- Wash, peel or cook all raw vegetables and fruits before eating.
Information Only
The content above is for information purposes only and we have tried to ensure that the information is as accurate as possible. We cannot accept any responsibility for any inconvenience, loss or injury as a result of the information above. You should always check and verify any critical information like visas, health and safety and customs with the relevant authorities before you travel since information can change at any time.
