Anisakiasis
Anisakiasis is caused by the accidental ingestion of larvae of the nematodes (roundworms) Anisakis simplex and Pseudoterranova decipiens. Eating raw or undercooked infected marine fish infects humans. After ingestion, the anisakid larvae penetrate the gastric and intestinal mucosa, causing the symptoms of anisakiasis.
Occurrence: Worldwide, with higher incidence in areas where raw fish is eaten (e.g., Japan, Pacific coast of South America, the Netherlands).
Manifestations: Within hours after ingestion of infected larvae, symptoms may occur with: violent abdominal pain nausea vomiting occasionally the larvae are coughed up.
Diagnosis and treatment: Diagnosis can be made by gastroscopic examination during which the 2 cm larvae are visualised and removed, or by histopathologic examination of tissue removed at biopsy or during surgery. The treatment of choice is surgical or endoscopic removal.
Vaccine: Not available.
Prevent anisakiasis by: Don’t eat raw fish.
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